Opportunity Information: Apply for PA 18 316
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding opportunity PA 18-316, titled "Typical and Atypical Patterns of Language and Literacy in Dual Language Learners (R01-Clinical Trial Optional)," supports investigator-initiated research projects using the R01 grant mechanism. The central aim is to improve understanding of how dual language learners (DLLs) in the United States develop language and literacy skills, both along typical developmental pathways and in cases where development is disrupted or impaired. In practical terms, the FOA is looking for strong, theory-driven studies that can explain what "normal" language and reading development looks like for children learning two languages, how that may differ from monolingual norms, and how to distinguish difference from disorder when children show signs of difficulty.
A key emphasis of the announcement is on leveraging modern advances in the language sciences and related disciplines. Applicants are encouraged to investigate specific factors that shape DLL language and literacy outcomes, including cognitive influences (such as attention, memory, and executive functioning), linguistic influences (such as vocabulary growth, grammar development, phonological processing, and cross-language transfer), neurobiological influences (including brain-based measures or developmental neuroscience perspectives when appropriate), and sociocultural influences (such as family language practices, quality and amount of language exposure, socioeconomic context, cultural expectations, classroom instruction, and broader community factors). The NIH is essentially signaling that it wants research that can move beyond broad descriptions and instead identify mechanisms and predictors that clarify why some DLL children thrive while others struggle, and how impairments may present differently in bilingual contexts.
The opportunity is also designed to strengthen the evidence base around atypical development, including language and literacy impairments in young DLL populations. That can include work focused on early identification and characterization of developmental language disorder, dyslexia and reading difficulties, and other communication-related challenges as they appear in bilingual or multilingual learners. Because clinical trials are listed as optional, the FOA can support a range of study designs, from observational and longitudinal developmental studies to intervention research, as long as the proposed approach aligns with NIH definitions and requirements for clinical trials when applicable. The overall goal is to generate findings that help the field draw clearer lines between typical bilingual development and clinically meaningful impairment, ultimately improving assessment, educational planning, and clinical decision-making for DLL children.
In terms of who can apply, eligibility is broad and includes many types of U.S.-based organizations and governmental entities. Eligible applicants include state, county, city or township, and special district governments; independent school districts; public and state-controlled institutions of higher education; private institutions of higher education; federally recognized Native American tribal governments; tribal organizations that are not federally recognized; public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities; nonprofit organizations with or without 501(c)(3) status (excluding institutions of higher education when specified); for-profit organizations other than small businesses; and small businesses. The FOA also explicitly highlights additional eligible categories such as Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian Serving Institutions, Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institutions (AANAPISIs), Hispanic-serving Institutions, Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), Tribally Controlled Colleges and Universities (TCCUs), faith-based or community-based organizations, regional organizations, eligible federal agencies, and U.S. territories or possessions.
There are important limits related to foreign involvement. Non-domestic (non-U.S.) entities (foreign organizations and foreign institutions) are not eligible to apply directly, and non-domestic components of U.S. organizations are also not eligible to apply. At the same time, the FOA allows "foreign components" as defined in the NIH Grants Policy Statement, meaning a U.S. applicant can include certain foreign elements within a project when justified and compliant with NIH policy (for example, specific collaborations, resources, or populations that meaningfully strengthen the research), even though a foreign institution cannot be the primary applicant.
Administratively, this is a discretionary grant opportunity under NIH, categorized within Health, Income Security and Social Services, and linked to CFDA numbers 93.173 and 93.865. The original posting indicates a closing date of December 16, 2020, and the record notes that an award ceiling and expected number of awards were not specified in the provided summary fields. The funding opportunity was created on October 20, 2017. Overall, the announcement targets rigorous, high-impact R01 research that advances scientific understanding of bilingual language and literacy development in the U.S., with clear attention to the real-world challenge of recognizing and addressing impairment in young children learning more than one language.Apply for PA 18 316
- The National Institutes of Health in the health, income security and social services sector is offering a public funding opportunity titled "Typical and Atypical Patterns of Language and Literacy in Dual Language Learners (R01-Clinical Trial Optional)" and is now available to receive applicants.
- Interested and eligible applicants and submit their applications by referencing the CFDA number(s): 93.173, 93.865.
- This funding opportunity was created on 2017-10-20.
- Applicants must submit their applications by 2020-12-16. (Agency may still review applications by suitable applicants for the remaining/unused allocated funding in 2026.)
- Eligible applicants include: State governments, County governments, City or township governments, Special district governments, Independent school districts, Public and State controlled institutions of higher education, Native American tribal governments (Federally recognized), Public housing authorities/Indian housing authorities, Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally recognized tribal governments), Nonprofits having a 501 (c) (3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education, Nonprofits that do not have a 501 (c) (3) status with the IRS, other than institutions of higher education, Private institutions of higher education, For-profit organizations other than small businesses, Small businesses, Others.
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